Subcutaneous fat biopsy: how is it done?

A fine-needle subcutaneous fat biopsy (FSG-AF) is a relatively simple procedure that involves removing a sample of subcutaneous fat tissue using a thin needle. The general process of a BGS-AF is described below:

  • Preparation: The patient will be placed in a suitable position to access the area of skin where the biopsy will be performed. The skin area will be cleaned and disinfected to reduce the risk of infection.
  • Local anesthesia: Local anesthesia may be administered to the biopsy site to numb the area and minimize any discomfort during the procedure.
  • Sample Removal: With the area numb, the doctor will use a specialized fine needle (usually 18 to 22 gauge) to penetrate the skin and reach the subcutaneous fatty tissue. The needle is inserted and carefully advanced into the fatty tissue, gently moving it back and forth to obtain an adequate sample.
  • Aspiration of the sample: Once the needle is in the appropriate position, it is gently aspirated using a syringe connected to the needle. The negative pressure generated allows the fatty tissue to enter the syringe and the sample to be obtained.
  • Needle removal: Once the desired sample has been obtained, the needle is carefully removed from the skin.
  • Sample processing: The sample obtained is placed on a glass slide and sent to the laboratory for analysis. There, it is fixed, stained, and examined under a microscope to obtain detailed information about the composition and structure of the fatty tissue.

Importantly, BGS-AF is a minimally invasive procedure and is generally performed on an outpatient basis. Biopsy results can help diagnose various conditions related to fatty tissue, such as metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases, or lipomas. It is essential to follow the doctor's instructions and recommendations before and after the procedure to ensure adequate recovery.